Mainly it produces from supply of the raw material and the part in the manufacturing industry and the distribution industry, calls circulation and sale, final demand the flow of the commodity supply which reaches "the chain of supply" (the supply chain) asis considered from production, information by the fact that mutually it shares & manages, strategic management technique, or the information system for that which aim toward the entire optimum of business process are between the section enterprise which participates in that.
For enterprise, as for concrete purpose, with payment date shortening defect item preventionthe improvementof of the customer satisfaction and include dealers' inventories with the reduction of the stock goods in process which largest conversion etc. of cash flow it is listed.
One one individual of the chain of the supply chain it is not optimum in foundation of the concept of SCM, there are times when the "entire optimum" is assured. Calling the for the sake of production unit cost is lowered to final demand and sale power being weak, even when increasing production volume, it comes to the point of increasing dead stock, constructs the powerful sales network conversely and if commodity supply it is not possible with the defectiveness of part insufficiency and production plan, it means to lose the sale opportunity.
It is something basic shape of the SCM solution demand forecasting from sale result information such as POS data, this synchronous optimizes production plan inventory plan sales planning and supplement plan in the base, does production and the physical distribution which parallel to those plans, but for that each supplier, is close to real time as much as possible, it is necessary to construct the mechanism which exchanges the data whose precision is high mutually.
The construction method of SCM as a information system is various, butthe ERPsystem (especially production support typeERP packageandMRP) there is many a thing which is utilized as the basis. The package software for SCM construction there to be a large number, general planned system (SCP: Supply chain planning) with execution system (SCE: Supply chain execution) it is classified.
As for the concept of SCMbeingsomething which is born from logistics research, as for first being used in the literature it assumes that Kith R Oliver of allene and Hamilton's (Oliver R. Keith) with Michael D (Michael D.Webber) announced "Supply-chain Management:Logistics Catches up with Strategy" is in 1982. You say in processed food industry, "ECR (efficient consumer response)", you say in fiber industry, "the quick response (QR)" and so on, basic thought is common almost.
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