' The one best way m do the work is I;= by avoiding unnecessary mo ements. In motion study analysis a i r : -erp office procedure is divided mto small operations and each operation 1, .: _ visually by means of step watch. For example, it was noticed that if -- :r for moistening gummed flaps of envelopes was out of nonnal reach of f hand, it involved waste of activity and caused fatigue.
To get tnore accurate results it is better to study movements by moticr picture camera, this method is blown as Micromotion Study. IvticromoDion are used to shady of rice work of repetitive and costly nature.
Following either a motion study or a rmicromohon study. a standard thne for doing a job can be detennir.ed. This standard time does inch de proper rest pauses and delays due to machine difficulties.
Tirle study IS the means of measuring job performance in tenn s of time. Iis object is to esablislltlhe time requiredforperforming each operation at an average speed. The purpose of time study is to find OlZt the output of a worker of average skill, under nonnal conditions. Since the worker camnot produce steadily and unhlternlptedly throughout the day, additions to nonnal wor time must be made for delays, t.ltigZie and personal needs such as going to take water, wastung face and hands or ta a cup of tea etc.
Formeasuring time, use of stop snatch is generally made. Whenma observations for time stridy, stop vvatclt is started at the beginning of each operation and is kept runrut:g annng tl:- entireworkcycle till thc last element is completed. All these readings are recorded in the data sheet Similar records are tmrZintai:ted for all subsequent work cycles and by summing them up NN e get standard thlle for doing a job. Time study by stop watch is based on scientific approach and can give reliable results.
Time studies can bring god results offly if erp office persmulel have confidence in the fairness of these sit dies. The time analyst must be capable of dealing with people honestly and sympathetically He must earn a reputation for ma fair and accurate studies. : .
S. Predetermined Elemental Time Data. To standardise time studies in relation to different kinds of lobs perfonmed under same conditions. "Prederennined EleinentRI Time Data " has been developed on the assumption that if the same motions are used for performit:g various jobs under the ramconditions the standard time for these motions would be the same. There ar. a large number of basic motions which are common to mama operations It
job consists of a series of such basic motions, it will be more appropriate rc add up the time taken in doing these motions and find out the total stand
time required to perfonm the full job (of course special motions required .r. doing that job will be studied separately).
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