Under this method , . Much of the work done m, about the performance

(a) The work of repetitive nature. Much of the work done in off. -s of uniform nature Alike the work of typing, card punching. = envelopes etc. Such work can be measured.
1. Past performance method. Under this method past record about the performance of the workers on the job is methodically kept if is found out hoe much time does a normal worker takes to complete a particular volume of work For example, the output of hoist mav be measured, over a period of time, on the basis of pages he typed in one day. If the quantity of work is to be measured more accurately, the hyped w ork can be measured on t be basis of lines or words or Square if lches of matter hyped in one day
In past perfonnance method performance of the best worker is used as standard but it may prove too harsh for average workers. The answerer to his problem is that the a.veFage work of the best and ofthe poorest may be used as standard. The mainadvantage ofthisntethod is thatit canbeeasilyir.stalled at a very low cost and there is no need for highly qualified and trained personnel to administer it.
2. Time analysis Methyl or time }og rnethml. Under this method a record of actual time spent and the unit of walk done, over a penod of time by various employees is kept. On thebasis of this a time analysis list for the entire department is prepared.
Th§ next step is find out bow many units of work, do the smokers cmnplete in one hour This is done by dividing the total quantity of work complete by total Itours spent. From these fi@res, it is possible to establish standard time for each item of work being done.
The main advantage of time analysis method is that its installation does not involve much' additional cost. By maintaining continuous record of work of employees. a pennanent control over their activities can be mauntained.
3. Work sampling method. In work sampling method of measuring work, a trained analyst f rst "breaks down" the various jobs which are to be studied. The next step is to prepare a report about each, individual employee to determine how he spends his thne. The analyst also records the number of items produced during a specified hme. The point to note here is that the analyst not only studies the mimber of items produced but also sees how an employee spends his hme. It may be that an efficient worker produces 10 units m 8 hours but of these 8 hmirs he spends two hours on gossiping. Am the name work sampling method suggests, the analyst does not studv each awhevety job, he selects a few samples and bases his conclusion on those samples.
Ihe data obtained under work sampling method are more reliable than cured under time analysis method. The Main disadvantage of this rid is hat it proves quite cosdy, specially, if the number of samples to be rid in brie Moreover, the work of analysis has to be done bv a trained
Yam study and time study. Under flus system an attempt is made me On time required to do a Fork on ou oh a stud- of the motions OF Ed tune taken by him.