Matrix organization/matrix organization/matrix type organization/queue type organization It is the organization which classified by function, classified by business, the classified by product, the classified by customer, classified by area, classified by time, classified by project and mixed the organizational structure where business classified by process and the like differ, designed direction order system multidimensionally.
As for matrix organization if with organizational form because plural goals are actualized simultaneously, for example it is the matrix organization which consists of the management mechanism of 2 axes "classified by function" "product", it becomes the aim to achieve the merit such as the merit such as maintenance improvement of special skill every of function which organization classified by function has and the market adaptability which business sub-assembly weaving classified by product has simultaneously. As for method of taking the axis not just "function/the product", in case of large-scale multinational, there is also an example which takes 3 dimensional matrix organization.
Concrete, while maintaining shape and the pyramid classified by function where, the division section which puts emphasis on product plan and production etc. and the area manager who makes emphasis circulation and the customer strategy promote business to cross functional putting in place the product manager as a product charge, the shape which can point to coordinating between each function and at a time names electing from section of classified by each function, forming the project team, the shape etc. which puts in place the project leader which summarizes this correspond.
Business classified by territory
Image acoustic business White thing home appliance business Digital information business It is heavy electric business
Area
Limits
Difference The European area
The North American area
The Asian & Pacific Ocean area
Organization chart image of matrix organization (example)
With conventional organizational theory monistic characteristic of order system was attached importance, but, matrix organization has opposing to this, the member (the employee) the manager 2 or more (the superior). S.M. Day bis (Stanley M. Davis) with P.R. Lawrence (Paul R. Lawrence) book "Matrix" (1977) with, it has defined matrix organization that "the two boss system (two boss system)" is.
Intention standardization is not assured between this group of managers, becoming something where the indication for the member contradicts, the stripe organization falls to dysfunction uninformed. Because of that communication of the manager is indispensable, but the overhead for "managing" to become large as for the point where it is tend note is necessary in reason. In order to evade this, really big responsibility and authority are given with the manager of one side, role is set securely and/or the step which was said is taken.
In order to disperse after the principle and the project completion, when such it is installed temporarily, when "project organization", is placed chronically, when "matrix organization" you use properly, there is a project team.
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