Metal - semiconductor oxide film - three layer system of semiconductor (MOS: Metal Oxide Semiconductor) among the semiconductor devices which have become, those of the type where the positive hole (hole) carries electric current. The positive hole is called because it has correct (positive) electric charge, this way. Those of the type where the electron which has negative electric charge carries electric current are called “nMOS” (negative MOS). The combination p-channel MOS and nMOS calls CMOS (complementary MOS).

PCI <PCI bus>

Field:
Personal computer > bus > PCI

The bus which ties between each part inside the personal computer (the channel) standard. It was decided PCI SIG which centers the Intel corporation (Special Interest Group) by. For a long time, it spreads quickly as the standard which is substituted to the ISA bus which is de facto standard presently is adopted for most personal computers. As for first PCI standard, bus width (the data quantity which can be sent with the transfer of 1 times) at 32 bits operational frequency (frequency of transfer per 1 seconds) 33MHz. Maximum data rate was 133MB/s. With up-to-date standard 64 bits in bus width, the high speed of maximum 533MB/s also specification is stipulated with 66MHz operation. In addition, there is also a standard, PCI-X which expands PCI in for the server.

PCIe <PCI Express>

Alias:
3GIO and PCI Express 1.1
Field:
Personal computer > bus > PCIe

For the personal computer which was decided in 2002 by PCI-SIG, substitutes to the PCI bus serial transfer interface. Those which 3GIO which the Intel corporation developed standard are standardized. The PCI bus which presently is adopted with most personal computers has used parallel transfer system, there is no compatibility at physical level with PCIe, but as for communication protocol and the like common ones are used.

The transmission line of the smallest constitution which is used with PCIe (it is called “the lane”), type direction 2.5Gbps, the full duplexes of bidirectional 5.0Gbps being possible, although the data of 8 bits is sent, in order such as clock pulse add 2 bits 10 to spend bits which, effective data transfer rate type direction 2.0Gbps (250MB/s), bidirectional 4.0Gbps (500MB/s) with it becomes.

PCIe 2.0 <PCI Express 2.0>

Field:
Personal computer > bus > PCIe 2.0

PCI-SIG decided in 2007 January, for the personal computer serial transfer interface. It is the next term version of PCI Express 1.1 which spreads in place of PCI.

As for the transmission line of smallest constitution (being called “the lane”,), with PCI Express 1.1 those which are type direction 2.5Gbps (bidirectional 5.0Gbps), type direction 5.0Gbps, were expanded to bidirectional 10Gbps. Although you send PCI Express 1.1 similar and the data of 8 bits, in order such as clock pulse add 2 bits 10 to spend bits which, effective data transfer rate type direction 4Gbps (500MB/s), becomes bidirectional 8Gbps (1GB/s). Transfer rate when 16 lanes are used becomes 16GB/s.

PCIe 2.0 the higher rank of PCI Express 1.1 has become interchangeable, it can connect the equipment for PCI Express 1.1 that way. It is possible, to modify transfer rate dynamically from the software, when full speed is not necessary, it is possible to save electric power consumption. Past, not only the connected method of inserting the card in the extended slot, it can connect between the equipment with the metal cable of the length to 10m, concerning the specification which is called “PCI Express Cable” it is decided.